Getting a manicure or pedicure can be a relaxing way to treat yourself, but many people wonder if it’s safe during pregnancy. This episode looks at the potential concerns about nail polish chemicals, like formaldehyde, toluene, and phthalates, and reviews research on how much of these ingredients the body might absorb. Learn about gel polish, tips to reduce your exposure, what to consider about foot and leg massages during a pedicure, and how to lower the risk of infection. By the end of this episode, you’ll feel confident in making the right choice for you, whether that means taking some precautions or sticking to your usual routine.

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30% OFF the Zahler Prenatal +DHA with code PREPOD30 and get a FREE Silicone Baby Bib. The Zahler Prenatal +DHA uses high-quality ingredients, like the active form of folate. Zahler also includes nutrients that most other prenatal vitamins don’t, like choline, omega 3s, and DHA. This is the prenatal vitamin I take and my #1 recommendation.

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Hi Vanessa,

Thank you so much for the Pregnancy Podcast. It has truly been a lifesaver in answering all of my questions.

I have a spa day coming up with a friend, and I am wondering if it’s safe to get a manicure or pedicure while pregnant? I know it seems like a small thing, but I wasn’t sure if I should be concerned about the chemicals in the polish. What about things like a massage during a pedicure? Are there any parts of a manicure or pedicure I should skip during pregnancy? Or is there anything I can do or request to make it safer?

I’d love to hear your take on this. Thanks again for all the great information you share!

Thank you,

Cassidy

In some ways, this does seem like a small thing, but it is entirely normal to question or second-guess even the littlest things when you are pregnant. Let’s talk about some of the potential concerns or considerations, whether you should modify any aspects of a manicure or pedicure, and tips to make your experience safe.

What Chemicals are in Nail Polish?

There are some concerns about chemicals commonly found in nail polish, especially during pregnancy. The three most frequently cited ingredients to avoid are formaldehyde, toluene, and phthalates.

Manufacturers sometimes use formaldehyde in nail hardeners and polishes to strengthen nails by bonding with keratin, a protein naturally present in your nails. You may see formaldehyde under different names, such as formalin or methylene glycol. Formaldehyde is a known carcinogen, which is a substance that can cause cancer. It may also irritate the eyes, nose, or throat, especially in poorly ventilated environments.

Toluene is a solvent in some nail polishes, hardeners, and polish removers. It helps smooth application and gives polish a glossy finish. However, toluene has links to potential effects on the nervous system, and the FDA notes that its use in cosmetics is being phased out.

Phthalates make nail polish more flexible and less likely to crack. This group of chemicals is also in many plastics. The primary concern with phthalates is that they are endocrine disruptors, which means they can interfere with your hormonal system. During pregnancy, when hormones play a critical role in fetal development, it makes sense to avoid unnecessary exposure. One phthalate that has been commonly used in nail polish is dibutyl phthalate (DBP), which many brands now exclude from their formulas.

Are Nail Polish Chemicals Safe?

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration regulates nail products under the umbrella of cosmetics. According to the FDA, “Many nail products contain potentially harmful ingredients, but are allowed on the market because they are safe when used as directed. For example, some nail ingredients are harmful when swallowed, but not when used on the nails, because the nail is a barrier, which prevents absorption.”

While the FDA states that the nail acts as a barrier, preventing the absorption of harmful chemicals, research suggests otherwise. A study by the Environmental Working Group (EWG) and Duke University found evidence that triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), a suspected endocrine disruptor, was absorbed into the body after the application of nail polish. Researchers tested the urine of 26 women who had recently painted their nails. Every participant showed evidence of TPHP in their system, with levels rising significantly after applying nail polish that contained the ingredient.

The takeaway is that some chemicals will be absorbed into the body when you apply polish to your nails. The exposure risk is generally low for a single manicure or pedicure.

Gel Polish

We covered the chemicals in traditional nail polish, and gel polish comes with additional considerations. Gel formulas require curing under UV light and involve ingredients that may increase your exposure to skin irritants, allergens, and UV radiation.

Gel polish uses acrylates (methacrylate compounds) to create a hard, durable finish. These ingredients can cause skin irritation, allergic reactions, or contact dermatitis, and sensitivity may develop over time. Plus, your skin is more sensitive during pregnancy. Because pregnancy can make skin more reactive, you may want to avoid gel manicures or discontinue them if you notice any signs of irritation.

Curing gel polish requires UV lamps, which emit ultraviolet radiation. The exposure is brief and generally considered low risk, but sensitive skin may react more strongly to UV light. If you are concerned, applying a broad-spectrum sunscreen to your hands or wearing UV-protective gloves with the fingertips cut off before curing can reduce exposure.

Removal is another factor to consider. Gel polish is typically removed with prolonged acetone soaking and filing or scraping the nail surface. Acetone is a strong solvent that can dry out the nails and skin, and repeated exposure may cause irritation. If you prefer to avoid this, a traditional polish may be a better option since it requires less harsh removal methods.

Reducing Your Chemical Exposure

There are several steps you can take to reduce your exposure to potentially harmful chemicals in nail products. One of the easiest is to choose polishes labeled “3-free,” “5-free,” or “10-free.” A 3-free formula avoids the so-called “toxic trio,” which includes formaldehyde, toluene, and dibutyl phthalate (DBP). Polishes labeled as 5-free or 10-free go further by eliminating additional ingredients.

Manufacturers use these chemicals in traditional polish to improve its performance by lasting longer, applying more smoothly, and maintaining shine. While safer formulas have come a long way, some may still have trade-offs. Certain brands may be more prone to chipping or peeling, or may not last as long as conventional polishes. These options also tend to be more expensive, especially from boutique or organic brands, and may offer fewer color options. Additionally, not all salons carry safer alternatives, so consider bringing your own polish if you prefer a specific formula.

Whether you are at a salon or applying polish at home, ventilation is key. A well-ventilated space helps limit how much of the fumes you inhale. You can improve ventilation by sitting by an open door or using a fan to blow fumes away from you. You could also opt to go to the salon during an off-peak time when there are fewer people there and fewer chemicals in the salon or spa overall. If you do your nails at home, consider opening a window or applying polish outdoors when the weather allows.

Another simple way to minimize exposure is to reduce how often you use nail polish. Taking breaks between applications lowers your overall exposure. You could also opt to buff your nails. Then they would still be shiny, but do not require the application of nail polish.

Massage During Pedicure

A spa pedicure often includes a leg and foot massage. This can feel especially good during pregnancy if you are dealing with swollen feet or ankles. There are some concerns about stimulating labor by pressing on specific points around the ankles. The evidence for this is mixed, and it is not the case that pressing one spot will automatically trigger labor. If you enjoy massage, it is safe to include it as part of your pedicure. If at any point any pressure feels uncomfortable, speak up and let the technician know.

Infection Risk

Another consideration when visiting a spa or salon is the risk of infection. During pregnancy, your immune system shifts to support your baby. This makes you more vulnerable to infections and sometimes slows the healing process.

To lower your risk, avoid shaving your legs right before your appointment. Shaving can create tiny cuts that increase the chance of bacteria entering the skin. If you have any open cuts, blisters, or skin irritations on your hands or feet, you may opt to wait until they heal before getting a manicure or pedicure.

Choosing a reputable spa or nail salon with strong hygiene and sanitization practices is also key. Make sure the venue properly sterilizes tools, cleans foot baths between clients, and that the overall environment looks clean and well-maintained.

Talking to Your Doctor or Midwife

If you ever have questions or concerns about getting a manicure or pedicure during pregnancy, you can always bring them up with your doctor or midwife. They know your medical history, any specific risks you may have, and can give you guidance that is tailored to you. Everyone’s situation is different, and having that conversation can help you feel more confident about your choices.

Deciding What is Right for You

One study examined changes in cosmetic use during pregnancy and found that approximately 10% of pregnant women discontinued using nail polish, and 7% stopped using nail polish remover. Nail products were given up more often than any other cosmetic included in the study. Still, that means the large majority of expecting mothers, around 90%, continued using nail polish during pregnancy.

Like many decisions during pregnancy, you can always choose to err on the side of caution and avoid nail polish, manicures, or pedicures altogether. At the same time, there is nothing wrong with enjoying a little pampering, especially when your body is working so hard. Ultimately, it comes down to your personal comfort level. You can take simple precautions to reduce your exposure if that helps you feel more at ease, or you may decide to continue your usual routine without making any changes. Pregnancy already comes with enough things to think about, and it is important to still enjoy your life.

Thank you to the brands that help power this podcast.

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